Common Diseases of Older Dogs

Dogs get many of the same diseases as humans.  With early detection and intervention we can prolong a higher quality of life for most pets.  It is important, therefore, to recognize the clinical signs of some common diseases.

Periodontal Disease

Infection of the teeth and gums affects more than 40% of older dogs.  Poor oral health can significantly decrease your dog’s life expectancy by two to three years.  In addition, loose teeth, swollen gums and cavities hurt.  Dental scaling and polishing, antibiotic therapy intermittently and gels help to combat periodontal disease in dogs.  Furthermore, the bacteria present in tartar and calculus can invade the blood stream and attack the kidneys and the heart leading to significant infection – sometimes life threatening.  It is always scary to use anesthesia in our older pets, but we do everything in our power to provide safe and life-prolonging dental care.

Obesity

Nearly 50% of all dogs are overweight and up to 20% are obese.  Being overweight will increase your dog’s chance of developing arthritis, heart disease and much more.  As your dog ages, it simply becomes more and more of a burden to carry around those extra pounds.  Let us help you determine an appropriate diet and exercise plan to help your dog live longer and happier.

Hypothyroidism

This condition is caused by a pre-mature shutting down of the thyroid gland in many dogs.  It can only be diagnosed by appropriate blood testing.  Hypothyroidism can cause or significantly contribute to other diseases such as skin disease, obesity, nerve conditions and behavioral disorders.

Cancer

Dogs get many of the same types of cancers as humans.  Testing and frequent physical examinations may provide early detection that allows therapy to start before the cancer has taken hold or spread to other sites within the body.  Many of today’s cancer treatments cause few side effects and greatly increase a dog’s life span.  Be sure to point out any new lumps or bumps that you find.

Kidney Disease

Kidney function will deteriorate as a natural progression of aging.  Infections, periodontal disease or other kidney diseases may hasten this deterioration causing early kidney failure.  If it is detected early through blood and urine tests we can often prolong life expectancy and maintain a high quality of life.  Treatment options will vary depending on the severity of the disease.

Heart Disease

Dogs develop several types of heart diseases.  Valve deterioration and leakage or even weakening of the heart muscle can lead to life-threatening heart failure.  Early signs may include coughing, exercise intolerance, increased breathing rate or effort and weight loss.  Physical examination can reveal a murmur that may lead to the recommendation of further testing, such as chest X-rays, electrocardiograms (EKGs) or ultrasound of the heart.  Several safe medications can slow the progression of heart disease and improve you dog’s quality of life.

Arthritis

This is a very common problem in the aging dog.  Developmental diseases, such as hip dysplasia or osteochondrosis or early trauma (e.g. hit by a car) can lead to development of arthritis at any age.  Clinical signs include reluctance or difficulty to climb stairs or get into the car, slowing down on walks, shorter play periods.  Physical examination may reveal stiff joints, but occasionally radiographs (X-rays) are needed.  

Nutritional Needs

We recommend a specially formulated senior diet for all senior patients.  These diets help meet a senior dog’s special dietary needs by offering optimal protein and fiber content, reduced fat an fewer calories than regular adult food.  A good diet is essential for health and longevity